A decline in technology stocks dragged down major U.S. stock indexes Thursday, leaving the Nasdaq Composite at its lowest close since October.

Technology stocks have come under pressure in the new year as government-bond yields have risen. Higher yields can reduce the appeal of the future earnings promised by many tech stocks.

The $S&P 500 index(.SPX.US)$ fell 67.32 points, or 1.4%, to 4659.03. The $Dow Jones Industrial Average(.DJI.US)$ dropped 176.70 points, or 0.5%, to 36113.62. The tech-heavy $Nasdaq Composite Index(.IXIC.US)$ slumped 381.58 points, or 2.5%, to 14806.81.

The largest U.S. stocks helped pull the market lower, with $Apple(AAPL.US)$ shares falling $3.34, or 1.9%, to $172.19, and $Microsoft(MSFT.US)$ shares sliding $13.47, or 4.2%, to $304.80.

The technology sector fell 2.7%, making it the worst-performing group in the S&P 500. The decline brought the tech segment's year-to-date losses to 5.6%.

The yield on the benchmark 10-year U.S. Treasury note ticked down to 1.708% Thursday, from 1.724% Wednesday. It remains well above the 1.496% at which it finished 2021. Bond yields rise as prices fall.

When yields on longer-term bonds move higher, "you tend to reprice those growth stocks," said Tom Hainlin, national investment strategist at U.S. Bank Wealth Management. "If you increase that interest rate, that puts pressure on your present value of those companies."

Trading has been choppy in recent days as investors consider the path forward for stocks. The S&P 500, which gained 27% last year, is down 2.2% so far in 2022.

Investors are keeping a close watch on any developments that could affect the Federal Reserve's calculations about tightening monetary policy to counter inflation. Central bank officials have signaled that an interest-rate rise could come as soon as March. The Fed's James Bullard said Wednesday that four rises were likely in 2022.

Federal Reserve governor Lael Brainard  told Congress on Thursday that efforts to reduce inflation are the central bank's "most important task." Ms. Brainard is the White House's nominee to serve as the Fed's No. 2 official.

"Our monetary policy is focused on getting inflation back down to 2% while sustaining a recovery that includes everyone," Ms. Brainard said.

"The main story is the market view on the central bank's next steps. The market is balancing two things: less support from monetary policy, but overall the underlying economy is good, and we think the earnings figures that will start to come out now will be quite strong," said Luc Filip, head of investments at SYZ Private Banking.

Investors on Thursday examined data showing that filings for jobless claims rose to a seasonally adjusted 230,000 last week, higher than economists had expected. A tight U.S. labor market has kept applications near pre-pandemic lows for the past two months.

Other data showed signs of possible easing in inflationary pressures in the U.S. supply chain. The Labor Department said its producer-price index rose 0.2% in December from the prior month, the slowest pace since November 2020.

"It fits into a larger narrative that inflation is likely peaking this quarter," said Jack Ablin, founding partner and chief investment officer at Cresset Capital.

Earnings season kicks off this week, with major financial firms including $Blackrock(BLK.US)$, $Citigroup(C.US)$, $JPMorgan(JPM.US)$ and $Wells Fargo & Co(WFC.US)$ set to report Friday.  Investors are on edge after Jefferies Financial Group posted revenue and earnings that missed analysts' estimates Wednesday, said Jeffrey Meyers, a consultant at Market Securities.

Analysts expect that profits from companies in the S&P 500 rose 22% in the fourth quarter from a year earlier, according to FactSet.

Among individual stocks, shares of $Delta Air Lines(DAL.US)$ rose 86 cents, or 2.1%, to $41.47, despite the company posting a quarterly loss, after the airline's chief executive said he expected it to quickly recover from the effects of the Omicron variant. Shares of home builder $KB Home(KBH.US)$ climbed $7.00, or 17%, to $49.38 after its earnings came in above analysts' expectations.

Overseas, the pan-continental Stoxx Europe 600 fell less than 0.1%.

In Asia, most major benchmarks fell. Japan's Nikkei 225 retreated 1%.